Tonight, December 4, 2025, marks the Cold Moon—the year’s final full moon and third supermoon—reaching peak illumination at 5:14 p.m. CST (23:14 UTC). This event occurs as the moon sits just 221,806 miles from Earth at perigee, making it appear up to 14% larger and 30% brighter than average full moons.

Peak Timing and Visibility

The moon hits full phase during late afternoon CST, appearing fully illuminated from December 3 evening through December 5. In CST locations, expect moonrise around 4:00-5:00 p.m. near sunset, climbing high overhead by midnight—its highest path of 2025 due to the approaching winter solstice on December 21. Clear winter skies enhance visibility even in light-polluted areas, with the moon in Gemini constellation.

Why It’s Special: Supermoon and Height

As a supermoon, the moon’s elliptical orbit brings it within 90% of perigee during full phase, amplifying size and glow compared to micromoons at apogee. This Cold Moon stands out further: opposite the low solstice sun, it reaches maximum elevation in the Northern Hemisphere, a rare peak tied to the 18.6-year lunar standstill cycle not repeating until 2042. No major occultations occur, but its perigee timing just 12 hours before full phase boosts brilliance.

Observation Tips

Catch the dramatic “moon illusion” at moonrise from an elevated spot with eastern horizon views—use apps like TimeAndDate for exact local times. Binoculars reveal craters sharply; avoid high telescope power to prevent shake from atmospheric turbulence. Dress warmly, as December chill defines the name from Northern Hemisphere traditions.